Renovation of school buildings to full-time educational complexes (using the example of the Belgorod region)

The paper considers the buildings of secondary schools of the current school fund of the Belgorod region, which need renovation to form modern full-day educational complexes of a new generation on their basis. School construction in the region flourished in the 1960s and 1980s, during which time new schools were built especially intensively in rural areas. Today, the buildings are outdated, and recently some of them have been modernized or overhauled, but many continue to operate as they were, which does not meet the current requirements for organizing educational activities, including extracurricular activities. The material and technical base of school buildings and their outdated spatial environment do not have the necessary conditions and space resources to expand the extracurricular function. There is a contradiction between consumers' demands for the content and conditions for obtaining basic and additional educational services at school and the limited possibilities of the architectural and planning structure of existing school buildings. This contradiction is a characteristic problem both for the Belgorod region and for other regions of the Russian Federation — a transition from a monofunctional school to a multifunctional full-time educational complex is necessary. In order to solve the problem, techniques and methods of renovation of obsolete school buildings have been studied, and the main trends in school design and construction have been identified (based on international experience). The analysis of the existing typology of regional schools made it possible to identify the main compositional schemes of buildings necessary for the design of additional block modules of extracurricular centers and their introduction into the structure of new complexes during renovation work. The expediency of introducing alternative functions into a monofunctional school building is due to current trends in the development of architecture in general education buildings and full-time complexes and sociological research conducted within the framework of this work. A strategy for the renovation of schools into full-day educational complexes, based on a modular approach and taking into account the established typology of buildings of the regional fund, is proposed for discussion; a variable range, functional and architectural planning organization of block modules of extracurricular centers using elements of sustainable architecture is proposed; an experimental design solution for a full-day educational complex with block modules is proposed extracurricular centers of various types. The renovation strategy proposed by the authors of the work will make it possible to quickly and efficiently modify and modernize existing school buildings, which is especially important in the context of the loss of a significant part of the regional fund and represents the shortest path for the transition from outdated to modern architecture of new-generation educational complexes.

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