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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">construction</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Строительство и реконструкция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Building and Reconstruction</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7416</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Орловский государственный университет имени И.С. Тургенева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33979/2073-7416-2025-122-6-14-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">construction-988</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ ИНЖЕНЕРНЫХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ. СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY OF ENGINEERING STRUCTURES. BUILDING UNITS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Представительный объем» в механике железобетона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Representative volume element in the mechanics of reinforced concrete</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колчунов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolchunov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колчунов Владимир Иванович, Член-корреспондент РААСН, доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры инженерной графики и компьютерного моделирования; ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kolchunov Vladimir Iv., Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, doctor of technical sciences, professor, professor of the Department of Engineering Graphics and Computer Modeling; leading researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vlik52@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ); Научно-исследовательский институт строительной физики Российской академии архитектуры и строительных наук (НИИСФ)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (NIU MGSU); Research Institute of Construction Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колчунов В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колчунов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolchunov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/988">https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/988</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассмотрен новый инструментарий для построения расчетных моделей сопротивления железобетона построенный на понятии «представительного объема» для моделирования характерных сложно напряженных зон конструкции. В основу инструментария положена идея блочных физических моделей сопротивления и сочетание энергетического подхода механики разрушения железобетона с трещинами и деформационных моделей теории железобетона. Для определения жесткости и трещиностойкости железобетонных стержневых элементов в зонах совместного действия моментов и поперечных сил предложена модель «единичной составной полоски» в поперечных сечениях элемента с наклонными трещинами. Раскрытие нормальных и наклонных трещин моделируется «представительным объемом» в виде армированной призмы и двухконсольным элементом (ДКЭ). Напряженно-деформированное состояние в окрестности трещины определяется с учетом открытого автором в механике разрушения железобетона деформационного эффекта. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a novel computational framework for developing constitutive models of reinforced concrete (RC) behavior, based on the concept of a Representative Volume Element (RVE) for simulating characteristic complex stress states in structural members. The framework is founded on the idea of block-based physical models of material response, combining the energy approach of fracture mechanics for cracked RC with deformation models of reinforced concrete theory. To determine the stiffness and crack resistance of RC members in regions subjected to combined bending moments and shear forces, a "single composite strip" model within cross-sections containing inclined cracks is proposed. The opening of normal and inclined cracks is simulated using RVEs represented by a reinforced prism and a double-cantilever element (DCE), respectively. The stress-strain state in the vicinity of a crack is determined taking into account a deformation effect in the fracture mechanics of RC, discovered by the author. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>железобетон</kwd><kwd>представительный объем</kwd><kwd>деформационный эффект</kwd><kwd>гипотезы</kwd><kwd>двухконсольный элемент</kwd><kwd>механика разрушения</kwd><kwd>раскрытие - закрытие трещин</kwd><kwd>жесткость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reinforced concrete</kwd><kwd>representative volume element (RVE)</kwd><kwd>deformation effect</kwd><kwd>hypotheses</kwd><kwd>double-cantilever element (DCE)</kwd><kwd>fracture mechanics</kwd><kwd>crack opening-closing</kwd><kwd>stiffness</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бондаренко В.М., Колчунов Вл.И. 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