<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">construction</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Строительство и реконструкция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Building and Reconstruction</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7416</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Орловский государственный университет имени И.С. Тургенева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33979/2073-7416-2024-111-1-99-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">construction-697</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ЗДАНИЙ И СООРУЖЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BUILDING AND STRUCTURE SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение торкрет-бетона для усиления каменной кладки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of shotcrete to strengthen masonry</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симаков</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simakov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симаков Олег Александрович, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры Железобетонных и каменных конструкций,</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simakov Oleg A., Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Reinforced Concrete and Stone Structures,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">simakov-ne@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Симаков О.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Симаков О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Simakov O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/697">https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/697</self-uri><abstract><p>Технология усиления конструкций методом торкретирования известна более ста лет. Первые опыты применения данного метода относятся примерно к 1910-1912 годам. В то же время на данный момент остаются вопросы как с методикой расчета усиливаемых конструкций, так и с учетом новых свойств торкрет-бетона, которые появляются у данного материала в результате совершенствования оборудования и материала для торкретирования непосредственно. В настоящей статье расмотрен опыт расчета, проетирования и применения торкрет-бетона для усиления несущих конструкций из каменной кладки, накопленный за последние два года. Представлены актуальные методики производства работ, а также соответствующие им методика расчетного обоснования (учитывающих этапность проведения работ по усилению конструкций) для сложных с инженерной точки объектов: сводов, кирпичных стен с большим процентом повреждения, в том числе в результате минно-взрывных воздействий. Показаны результаты реализации усиления каменной кладки методом односторонних аппликаций из торкрет-бетона.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The technology of reinforcing structures by the shotcrete method has been known for more than a hundred years. The first experiments using this method refer to approximately 1910-1912. At the same time, at this moment there are questions both with the calculation methodology of reinforced structures, and taking into account the new properties of shotcrete, which appear in this material as a result of improving equipment and material for shotcrete directly. This article examines the experience of calculating, projecting and applying shotcrete to strengthen load-bearing masonry structures accumulated over the past two years. The current methods of work are presented, as well as the corresponding methods of calculation justification (taking into account the stage of work on strengthening structures) for objects that are difficult from an engineering point of view: arches, brick walls with a large percentage of damage, including as a result of mine-explosive impacts. The results of the implementation of reinforcement of stone masonry by the method of one-sided applications of shotcrete are shown.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торкрет-бетон</kwd><kwd>каменная кладка</kwd><kwd>усиление</kwd><kwd>восстановление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>shotcrete-concrete</kwd><kwd>masonry</kwd><kwd>reinforcement</kwd><kwd>restoration</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мальцев А.М. Основы железобетонного строительства. Транспечать НКПС, 1929. 62 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maltsev A.M. Osnovy zhelezobetonnogo stroitel'stva [Fundamentals of reinforced concrete construction]. Transpechat' NKPS, 1929.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тонких Г.П. Кабанцев О.В., Кошаев В.В. Методика экспериментальных исследований по усилению зданий из каменной кладки железобетонными аппликациями // Сейсмостойкое строительство. Безопасность сооружений. 2005. № 6. С. 63-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonkih G.P. Kabancev O.V., Koshaev V.V. Metodika eksperimental'nyh is-sledovanij po usileniyu zdanij iz kamennoj kladki zhelezobetonnymi applikaciyami [Methodology of experimental research on strengthening of masonry buildings with reinforced concrete applications]. Sejsmostojkoe stroitel'stvo. Bezopasnost' sooruzhenij. 2005. No 6. Pp. 63-65. EDN: TSQAKB</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тонких Г.П., Кабанцев О.В., Симаков О.А., Баев С.М. Экспериментальные исследования сейсмоусиления каменной кладки наружными бетонными аппликациями // Сейсмостойкое строительство. Безопасность сооружений. 2011. № 2. С. 35-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonkih G.P., Kabancev O.V., Simakov O.A., Baev S.M. Eksperimental'nye issledovaniya sejsmousileniya kamennoj kladki naruzhnymi betonnymi applikaciyami [Experimental investigations of the seismic strengthening of the masonry by the external concrete applications]. Sejsmostojkoe stroitel'stvo. Bezopasnost' sooruzhenij. 2011. No 2. Pp. 35-41. EDN: QCWDBZ</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Альбом конструктивных решений по сейсмоусилению каменных зданий и сооружений / Под ред. Тонких Г. П., Кабанцева О. В. Томск. 2010. 114 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al'bom konstruktivnyh reshenij po sejsmousileniyu kamennyh zdanij i sooruzhenij [Album of constructive solutions for seismic strengthening of masonry buildings and structures]. Eds. Tonkih G. P., Kabantsev O. V. Tomsk. 2010. 114 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawrence F., Kahn L. Shotcrete retrofit for unreinforced brick masonry // 8th WCEE, USA, 1984. Pp. 583-590.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lawrence F., Kahn L. Shotcrete retrofit for unreinforced brick masonry. 8th WCEE, USA, 1984. Pp. 583-590.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кабанцев О. В., Симаков О. А., Нещадимов В. А., Штырлов Д. А. Усиление несущих стен из каменной кладки поврежденных многоэтажных зданий // Промышленное и гражданское строительство. 2023. № 7. С. 29-35. doi: 10.33622/0869-7019.2023.07.29-35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kabantsev O.V., Simakov O.A., Neshchadimov V.A., SHtyrlov D.A. Usilenie ne-sushchih sten iz kamennoj kladki povrezhdennyh mnogoetazhnyh zdanij [Reinforcement of bearing walls made of masonry of damaged multistory buildings]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo. 2023. No. 7. Pp. 29-35. doi: 10.33622/0869-7019.2023.07.29-35</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scamardo M., Cattaneo S., Pietro Crespi, Biolzi L. Design method for masonry structures retrofitted with steel reinforced plaster // Journal of Building Engineering. 2023. Vol. 79. Pp. 107828. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107828</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scamardo M., Cattaneo S., Pietro Crespi, Biolzi L. Design method for masonry structures retrofitted with steel reinforced plaster. Journal of Building Engineering. 2023. Vol. 79. Pp. 107828. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107828</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abrams D. P., Lynch J. M. Flexural behavior of retrofitted masonry piers // EERC-MAE Joint Seminar on Risk Mitigation for Regions of Moderate Seismicity, Illinois, USA. 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrams D. P., Lynch J. M. Flexural behavior of retrofitted masonry piers. EERC-MAE Joint Seminar on Risk Mitigation for Regions of Moderate Seismicity, Illinois, USA. 2001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iuorio O., Dauda J. Retrofitting Masonry Walls against Out-Of-Plane Loading with Timber Based Panels // Engineering Applied Sciences. 2021. No 11 June.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iuorio O., Dauda J. Retrofitting Masonry Walls against Out-Of-Plane Loading with Timber Based Panels. Engineering Applied Sciences. 2021. No. 11 June.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Facconi L., Lucchini S.S., Minelli F., Plizzari G.A. Analytical model for the in-plane resistance of masonry walls retrotted with steel ber reinforced mortar coating // Eng. Struct. 2023. Vol. 275. 115232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115232.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Facconi L., Lucchini S.S., Minelli F., Plizzari G.A. Analytical model for the in-plane resistance of masonry walls retrotted with steel ber reinforced mortar coating. Eng. Struct. 2023. Vol. 275. 115232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115232.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang F., Kyriakides N., Chrysostomou C. et al. Experimental Research on Bond Behaviour of Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix Composites for Retrofitting Masonry Walls // Int J Concr Struct Mater. 2021. Vol. 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-021-00460-1l.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang F., Kyriakides N., Chrysostomou C. et al. Experimental Research on Bond Behaviour of Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix Composites for Retrofitting Masonry Walls. Int J Concr Struct Mater. 2021. Vol. 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-021-00460-1l.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jin Y.H., Zhou Z., Bao B., Wang H., Wang T. Experimental study on the seismic performance of clay brick masonry wall strengthened with stainless steel strips // Journal of Building Engineering. 2023. Volume 69, 15 June 2023, 106076.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jin Y.H., Zhou Z., Bao B., Wang H., Wang T. Experimental study on the seismic performance of clay brick masonry wall strengthened with stainless steel strips. Journal of Building Engineering. 2023. Volume 69, 15 June 2023, 106076.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang F. Experimental Research on Seismic Performance of Masonry-Infilled RC Frames Retrofitted by Using Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix Under In-Plane Cyclic Loading // Int J Concr Struct Mater. 2023. Vol. 17. No. 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-023-00594-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang F. Experimental Research on Seismic Performance of Masonry-Infilled RC Frames Retrofitted by Using Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix Under In-Plane Cyclic Loading. Int J Concr Struct Mater. 2023. Vol. 17. No. 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-023-00594-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aminulai H. O., Baiguera M., Crump D., Sextos A., Kashani M. Experimental qualification of seismic strengthening of URM buildings in Nepal // Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 2023. Volume 173, October 2023, 108130.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminulai H. O., Baiguera M., Crump D., Sextos A., Kashani M. Experimental qualification of seismic strengthening of URM buildings in Nepal. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 2023. Volume 173, October 2023, 108130.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ElGawady M., Lestuzzi P., Badoux M. In-Plane Seismic Response of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Upgraded with Fiber Reinforced Polymer // J. Comp. for Constr. 2005. 9(6).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ElGawady M., Lestuzzi P., Badoux M. In-Plane Seismic Response of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Upgraded with Fiber Reinforced Polymer. J. Comp. for Constr. 2005. Vol. 9(6).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ElGawady M., Lestuzzi P., Badoux M. Static cyclic response of masonry walls retrofitted with fiber reinforced polymers // J. Comp. for Constr. 2007. Volume 11. Issue 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ElGawady M., Lestuzzi P., Badoux M. Static cyclic response of masonry walls retrofitted with fiber reinforced polymers. J. Comp. for Constr. 2007. Volume 11. Issue 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ilaria C., Maura I., Elio S. Experimental tests and numerical modelling of reinforced masonry arches // Engineering Structures. 2010. Vol. 32. Рp. 776–792.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilaria C., Maura I., Elio S. Experimental tests and numerical modelling of reinforced masonry arches. Engineering Structures. 2010. Vol. 32. Рp. 776–792.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Технологические правила торкретирования кладки инженерных сооружений. М., 1985. 25 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tekhnologicheskie pravila torkretirovaniya kladki inzhenernyh sooruzhenij [Technological rules for shotcreting of masonry of engineering structures]. Moscow, 1985. 25 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Технологические правила применения набрызгбетона при ремонте и реконструкции инженерных сооружений. М.,1978. 22 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tekhnologicheskie pravila primeneniya nabryzgbetona pri remonte i rekonstrukcii inzhenernyh sooruzhenij [Technological rules of application of nabryzgbeton at repair and reconstruction of engineering constructions]. Moscow, 1978. 22 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Джабаров М. К, Мардон М. Методы усиления кирпичных зданий пневмобетоном и штукатурными слоями в сейсмических районах. Ташкент, 1985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzhabarov M. K, Mardon M. Metody usileniya kirpichnyh zdanij pnevmobe-tonom i shtukaturnymi sloyami v sejsmicheskih rajonah [Methods of reinforcement of brick buildings with pneumatic concrete and plaster layers in seismic areas]. Tashkent, 1985.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
