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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">construction</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Строительство и реконструкция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Building and Reconstruction</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7416</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Орловский государственный университет имени И.С. Тургенева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33979/2073-7416-2019-86-6-95-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">construction-250</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРИЧИН ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ДИНАМИКИ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ ВЫСОЛОВ ПРИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИИ ИНФИЛЬТРАЦИОННЫХ И ЭКСФИЛЬТРАЦИОННЫХ ПОТОКОВ НА ТЕПЛОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ЗДАНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INFLUENCE OF THE REASONS OF FORMATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF SPREADING HEIGHTS WHEN THE INTERACTION OF INFILTRATION AND EXFILTRATION FLOWS ON THE HEAT EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халимов</surname><given-names>О. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalimov</surname><given-names>O. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nmhal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адыякова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adyakova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">oksyunchyushka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халимова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalimova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nmhal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хакасский технический институт-филиал Сибирского федерального университета</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khakassia Technical Institute-branch of the Siberian Federal University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хакасский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khakassia State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Халимов О.З., Адыякова О.А., Халимова Н.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Халимов О.З., Адыякова О.А., Халимова Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khalimov O.Z., Adyakova O.A., Khalimova N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/250">https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/250</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассмотрены варианты технических решений, обеспечивающих повышение уровня тепловой защиты зданий и уменьшение затрат на их эксплуатацию при взаимодействии инфильтрационных и эксфильтрационных потоков влаги в ограждающих конструкциях, обосновано появление высолов на поверхности зданий в зимнее время как результат взаимодействия инфильтрационных и эксфильтрационных потоков. На основании мониторинга выявлена важность учета этих потоков не как дополнительных теплопотерь, а наравне с основными теплопотерями. Подсчитаны дополнительные денежные затраты при игнорировании мероприятий, направленных на предотвращение процесса инфильтрации в отопительный период. Также подсчитано количество топлива в виде Черногорского гумусового угля необходимого для восполнения энергопотерь. Приведены тепловизионные съемки, показывающие дополнительные места теплопотерь через многослойную конструкцию наружной стены. Утверждается, что высолы являются важным индикатором дополнительных теплопотерь.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses options for technical solutions to increase the level of thermal protection of buildings and reduce the cost of their operation when interacting infiltration and exfiltration flows of moisture in enclosing structures. An analysis of the dynamics of efflorescences in the winter period indicates an increase in chemical processes at the contact of the facing verst and the insulation layer, in which slag accounts for 60-65%. These water soluble salts migrate to the freezing front. However, the reason for the accelerated migration in the winter is the exfiltration of warm moist air through the unsealed joints of the stoned panels during the installation of the stairwell. Also in the parapet, the largest efflorescence is due to the penetration of vaporous moisture through a monolithic reinforced concrete ceiling into the insulation layer, and from there into the brickwork of the parapet. Studies of heat and mass transfer, moisture transfer in various designs have shown that the combination of the interaction of infiltration and exfiltration leads to large heat losses and a deterioration in the thermal regime and indoor microclimate. Thus, the survey results showed that efflorescence is an important indicator of additional heat loss of buildings and structures, and the use of effective heat-insulating materials is not always enough. Errors and defects in the design and construction of structures and natural ventilation systems have a direct effect on reducing the thermal efficiency of exterior fencing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>heat and energy efficiency</kwd><kwd>efflorescence</kwd><kwd>infiltration and exfiltration flows</kwd><kwd>heat loss</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
