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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">construction</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Строительство и реконструкция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Building and Reconstruction</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7416</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Орловский государственный университет имени И.С. Тургенева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33979/2073-7416-2026-123-1-51-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">construction-1038</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ЗДАНИЙ И СООРУЖЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BUILDING AND STRUCTURE SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Совершенствование методов расчета прочности и надежности с учетом заданного времени эксплуатационного периода объекта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Improving strength and reliability assessment methods considering a specified service life</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнов Владимир Александрович - канд. техн. наук, доц., доцент кафедры строительной и сеоретической механики, заведующий Лабораторией динамики сооружений НИИ ЭМ НИУ МГСУ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smirnov Vladimir A. - candidate in tech. sc., associated prof. of the dep. of structural and theoretical mechanics, head of Structural Dynamic Lab.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VASmirnov@mgsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (NRU MGSU)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнов В.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1038">https://construction.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1038</self-uri><abstract><p>В действующем нормативном поле РФ (ГОСТ 27751–2014, СП 20.13330 и др.) полувероятностный метод расчёта по предельным состояниям опирается на фиксированные коэффициенты надёжности, которые назначены для определённого срока эксплуатации (как правило, 50 – 75 лет в зависимости от класса ответственности) и типовой набор неопределённостей. При этом в практике строительста возрастает доля временных, модульных и реконструируемых сооружений, а также задач продления ресурса, для которых требуется согласованная корректировка целевых показателей надёжности и локальных коэффициентов безопасности с учетом заданного срока службы. В статье представлен обзор современных вероятностных подходов к обеспечению надежности сооружений (на примере Eurocode, JCSS, ISO 2394), применяемых при калибровке норм и оценке существующих конструкций. На основе результатов НИР, выполненной в НИУ МГСУ, предлагается инженерная методика перехода от референсного уровня надежности к заданному сроку эксплуатации T за счет пересчёта целевого годового индекса надежности и последующей корректировки локальных коэффициентов γf и γm по чувствительности (FORM) при логнормальном описании случайных величин. Показано, что для климатических нагрузок (снег, ветер) при T≈10–15 лет расчетные γf могут быть снижены примерно на 10–20% при сохранении суммарно допустимого риска за весь срок эксплуатации; для постоянных нагрузок и коэффициентов по материалам корректировки, как правило, малы. Приведены вычислительный алгоритм и иллюстративный расчет для переменной климатической нагрузки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the current Russian framework for limit state design, partial safety factors are commonly calibrated for a reference service life (typically 50 years) and a conventional set of uncertainties. Modern practice increasingly involves temporary, modular and transformable facilities, as well as service-life extension of existing structures, where a consistent adjustment of target reliability and local safety factors to a specified service life is required. This paper reviews contemporary probabilistic concepts used in structural reliability and code calibration (Eurocodes, JCSS, ISO 2394 and service-life design). Based on R&amp;D results obtained at NRU MGSU, an engineering procedure is proposed to map a reference reliability level to a target service life T by (i) converting the accepted total failure risk over the reference period into an equivalent annual target reliability index and (ii) adjusting local partial factors for actions and resistances using sensitivity factors from FORM under a lognormal representation of basic variables. The approach indicates that for variable climatic actions (snow, wind) the design partial factor γf may be reduced by approximately 10–20% for T≈10–15 years while keeping the accepted total risk over the service life constant; for permanent actions and resistance factors γm, the correction is usually minor. A step-by-step algorithm and an illustrative calculation example are provided.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>надёжность</kwd><kwd>индекс надёжности β</kwd><kwd>проектный срок службы</kwd><kwd>вероятность отказа</kwd><kwd>FORM</kwd><kwd>частные коэффициенты</kwd><kwd>Eurocode</kwd><kwd>JCSS</kwd><kwd>ГОСТ 27751</kwd><kwd>СП 20.13330</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>structural reliability</kwd><kwd>reliability index</kwd><kwd>service life</kwd><kwd>failure probability</kwd><kwd>FORM</kwd><kwd>partial safety factors</kwd><kwd>Eurocode</kwd><kwd>JCSS</kwd><kwd>GOST 27751</kwd><kwd>SP 20.13330</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа была реализована в рамках Программы развития НИУ МГСУ на 2025– 2036 годы в рамках реализации Программы стратегического академического лидерства «Приоритет-2030».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГОСТ 27751–2014. 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